Triggers

Although it is not always possible to prevent a headache, it may be possible to reduce its frequency by determining and avoiding what cause it. Triggers are factors that spark a headache. Most triggers arerelated to migraines but may be related to cluster and tension-type headaches as well.

• Change in the weather, particularly heat and moisture
  
  
• Fatigue
  
  
• Emotional stress
  
  
• Lack of sleep or too much sleep
  
  
• Bright or blinking lights
  
  
• Loud noises
  
  
• Strong smells, such as perfumes
  
  
• Alcohol, particularly red wine
  
  
• Smoking
  
  
• Certain foods — Chocolate, caffeine, aged cheeses, processed meats
  

Surprising headache triggers

Most headaches are annoying inconveniences, but some may signal a serious condition — such as meningitis or stroke — that require prompt medical attention. People may complain of the “worst headache ever.”

• A severe headache with sudden onset
  
  
• Headaches that first develop after the age of 50
  
  
• Headaches that increase with coughing or abrupt movement
  
  
• Persistent headache after a blow to the head
  
  
• Headache pain that feels like an explosion or thunderclap
  
  
• Headache pain that gets worse and won’t go away
  
  
• Headache accompanied by any of these symptoms
  
  
  • stiff neck and fever
    
    
  • severe pain when bending over
    
    
  • decreased alertness or mental confusion
    
    
  • persistent, severe vomiting
    
    
• Headaches accompanied by neurological symptoms
  
  
  • visual disturbances
    
    
  • slurred speech
    
    
  • weakness or numbness on one side
    
    
  • seizures